The Ankle Brachial Pressure Index (ABPI)

The ankle-brachial index test is a quick, simple way to check for peripheral artery disease (PAD). The disease occurs when narrowed arteries reduce the blood flow to the arms and legs. PAD can cause leg pain when walking. PAD also increases the risk of heart attack and stroke.

The ankle-brachial index test compares the blood pressure measured at the ankle with the blood pressure measured at the arm. A low ankle-brachial index number can indicate narrowing or blockage of the arteries in the legs. Additionally, the ABI has been shown to predict mortality and adverse cardiovascular events independent of traditional Cardiovascular risk factors.

The major cardiovascular societies advise measuring an ABI in every smoker over 50 years old, every diabetic over 50, and all patients over 70. The Ankle Brachial Index test is done to check for PAD — narrowed arteries that reduce blood flow, usually in the legs. An ankle-brachial index test might be useful for people who have leg pain while walking. The test also can be useful for people who have risk factors for PAD. Risk factors for PAD include: History of tobacco use Diabetes High blood pressure High cholesterol Restricted blood flow (atherosclerosis) in other parts of the body